Research in Education

<p>Each chapter concludes with "Summary," "Exercises" and "References."</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Preface</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p>I.&nbsp;INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH: DEFINITIONS, RESEARCH PROBLEMS, PROPOSALS, AND REPORT WRITING.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>1. The Meaning of Research.</p> <p>Why Should I Study Research?</p> <p>The Search for Knowledge</p> <p>Science</p> <p>The Role of Theory</p> <p>Operational Definitions of Variables</p> <p>The Hypothesis</p> <p>The Research Hypothesis</p> <p>The Null Hypothesis (Ho)</p> <p>Populations Sampling</p> <p>Randomness</p> <p>The Simple Random Sample</p> <p>Random Numbers</p> <p>The Systematic Sample</p> <p>The Stratified Random Sample</p> <p>The Area or Cluster Sample</p> <p>Nonprobability Samples</p> <p>Sample Size</p> <p>Purposes of Research</p> <p>Fundamental or Basic Research</p> <p>Applied Research</p> <p>Action Research</p> <p>Assessment, Evaluation, and Descriptive Research</p> <p>Types of Educational Research</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>2. Selecting a Problem and Preparing a Research Proposal.</p> <p>The Academic Research Problem</p> <p>Levels of Research Projects</p> <p>Sources of Problems</p> <p>Evaluating the Problem</p> <p>Using the Library</p> <p>Finding Related Literature</p> <p>References and Bibliography</p> <p>Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials</p> <p>The Research Proposal</p> <p>The First Research Project</p> <p>Submitting a Research Proposal to a Funding Agency</p> <p>Thesis Proposal</p> <p>Ethics in Human Experimentation</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; History of Research Ethics</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Regulations</p> <p>From Regulations to Practice.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>3. The Research Report.</p> <p>Style Manuals</p> <p>Format of the Research Report</p> <p>Main Body of the Report</p> <p>References and Appendices</p> <p>The Thesis or Dissertation</p> <p>Style of Writing</p> <p>Reference Form</p> <p>Pagination</p> <p>Tables</p> <p>Figures</p> <p>The Line Graph</p> <p>The Bar Graph or Chart</p> <p>The Circle, Pie, or Sector Chart</p> <p>Maps</p> <p>Organization Charts</p> <p>Evaluating a Research Report</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>II. RESEARCH METHODS.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>4. Historical Research.</p> <p>Purpose of Histroical Reseach on American Education</p> <p>History and Science</p> <p>Historical Generalization</p> <p>The Historical Hypothesis</p> <p>Hypotheses in Educational Historical Research</p> <p>Difficulties Encountered in Historical Research</p> <p>Sources of Data</p> <p>Primary Sources of Data</p> <p>Primary Sources of Educational Data</p> <p>Secondary Sources of Data</p> <p>Historical Criticism</p> <p>External Criticism</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Internal Criticism</p> <p>Examples of Topics for Educational Historical Study</p> <p>Writing the Historical Report</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>5. Descriptive Studies: Assessment, Evaluation, and Research.</p> <p>Assessment Studies</p> <p>The Survey</p> <p>Social Surveys</p> <p>Public Opinion Surveys</p> <p>National Center for Education Statistics</p> <p>International Assessment</p> <p>Activity Analysis</p> <p>Trend Studies</p> <p>Evaluation Studies</p> <p>School Surveys</p> <p>Program Evaluation</p> <p>Assessment and Evaluation in Problem Solving</p> <p>Descriptive Research</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Causal Comparative Research</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Correlational Research</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Follow-up Research</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Other Descriptive Research</p> <p>Replication and Secondary Analysis</p> <p>The Post Hoc Fallacy</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>6. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research.</p> <p>Early Experimentation</p> <p>Experimental and Control Groups</p> <p>Variables</p> <p>Independent and Dependent Variables</p> <p>Confounding Variables</p> <p>Controlling Extraneous Variables</p> <p>Experimental Validity</p> <p>Threats to Internal Experimental Validity</p> <p>Threats to External Experimental Validity</p> <p>Experimental Design</p> <p>Pre-experimental Designs</p> <p>True Experimental Designs</p> <p>Quasi-Experimental Designs</p> <p>Factorial Designs</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>7. Single-Subject Exp</p>