1. Riboswitch Discovery By Combining Rna-Seq And Genome-Wide Identification Of Transcriptional Start Sites<br>Isabelle Rosinski-Chupin, Olga Soutourina and Isabelle Martin-Verstraete <br>2. Discovering Human RNA Aptamers by Structure-Based Bioinformatics and Genome-Based in Vitro Selection<br>Bao Ho, Julio Polanco, Randi Jimenez, and Andrej Lupták<br>3. Affinity Purification of In Vitro Transcribed RNA with Homogeneous Ends Using a 3'-ARiBo Tag<br>Geneviève Di Tomasso, Alix Salvail-Lacoste, Jonathan Bouvette, James G. Omichinski and Pascale Legault<br>4. Deoxyribozyme-mediated Ligation for Incorporating EPR Spin Labels and Reporter Groups into RNA<br>Katarzyna Wawrzyniak-Turek and Claudia Höbartner<br>5. A Flexible, Scalable Method for Preparation of Homogeneous Aminoacylated tRNAs<br>Jinwei Zhang and Adrian R. Ferré-D’Amaré<br>6. Synthesis of A Biotinylated Photocleavable Nucleotide Monophosphate for the Preparation of Natively Folded RNAs.<br>Yiling Luo, Herman O Sintim and T. Kwaku Dayie<br>7. Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis of Selectively 13c/15n-Labeled Rna for Nmr Structural and Dynamics Studiess<br>T. Kwaku Dayie, Luigi J. Alvarado, Andrew P. Longhini, Regan LeBlanc, Bin Chen, Cristoph Kreutz, Luigi J. Alvarado, Andrew P. Longhini, Regan LeBlanc, Bin Chen and Christoph Kreutz<br>8. RNA SHAPE Analysis of Small RNAs and Riboswitches<br>Greggory M. Rice, Steven Busan, Fethullah Karabiber, Oleg V. Favorov , and Kevin M. Weeks.<br>9. Experimental Approaches for Measuring pKa’s in RNA and DNA<br>Pallavi Thaplyal and Philip C. Bevilacqua<br>10. Crystallographic Analysis of Tpp Riboswitch Binding by Small Molecule Ligands Discovered Through Fragment-Based Drug Discovery Approaches<br>Katherine Deigan Warner and Adrian R. Ferré-D’Amaré<br>11. Methods for using New Conceptual Tools and Parameters to Assess RNA Structure by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering<br>Francis E. Reyes, Camille R. Schwartz, John A. Tainer and Robert P. Rambo<br>12. Use of 19F NMR Methods to Probe Conformational Heterogeneity and Dynamics of Exchange in Functional RNA Molecules <br>Caijie Zhao and Nancy L. Greenbaum<br>13. Site-Directed Spin-Labeling Strategies and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Large Riboswitches<br>Jackie M. Esquiaqui, Eileen M. Sherman, Jing-Dong Ye, and Gail E. Fanucci<br>14. Using sm-FRET and Denaturants to Reveal Folding Landscapes<br>Euan Shaw, Patrick St-Pierre, Kaley McCluskey, Daniel A. Lafontaine and J. Carlos Penedo<br>15. Riboswitch Structure and Dynamics by smFRET Microscopy<br>Krishna C. Suddala and Nils G. Walter<br>16. Ribosome Structure and Dynamics by smFRET Microscopy<br>Bassem Shebl, Zenia Norman and Peter V. Cornish<br>17. Unraveling the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of RNA Assembly: Surface Plasmon Resonance, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, and Circular Dichroism<br>Charles G. Hoogstraten, Minako Sumita and Neil A. White<br>18. ITC Analysis of Ligand Binding to PreQ1 Riboswitches<br>Joseph A. Liberman, Jarrod T. Bogue, Jermaine L. Jenkins, Mohammad Salim , and Joseph E. Wedekind.<br>19. Facile Characterization of Aptamer Kinetic and Equilibrium Binding Properties using Surface Plasmon Resonance<br>Andrew L. Chang, Maureen McKeague and Christina D. Smolke<br>20. The AdoCbl-riboswitch Interaction Investigated by In-line Probing and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Spectroscopy<br>Michelle F. Schaffer, Pallavi K. Choudhary and Roland K. O. Sigel<br>21. Assessing RNA Interactions with Proteins by DRaCALA<br>Darshan K. Patel, Margo P. Gebbie and Vincent T. Lee