Structural Steel Design

Contents <br>Preface iii <br> CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Structural Steel Design 1 <br>1.1 Advantages of Steel as a Structural Material 1 <br>1.2 Disadvantages of Steel as a Structural Material 3 <br>1.3 Early Uses of Iron and Steel 4 <br>1.4 Steel Sections 7 <br>1.5 Metric Units 12 <br>1.6 Cold-Formed Light-Gage Steel Shapes 12 <br>1.7 Stress—Strain Relationships in Structural Steel 13 <br>1.8 Modern Structural Steels 19 <br>1.9 Uses of High-Strength Steels 22 <br>1.10 Measurement of Toughness 24 <br>1.11 Jumbo Sections 26 <br>1.12 Lamellar Tearing 26 <br>1.13 Furnishing of Structural Steel 27 <br>1.14 The Work of the Structural Designer 30 <br>1.15 Responsibilities of the Structural Designer 31 <br>1.16 Economical Design of Steel Members 31 <br>1.17 Failure of Structures 34 <br>1.18 Handling and Shipping Structural Steel 37 <br>1.19 Calculation Accuracy 37 <br>1.20 Computers and Structural Steel Design 37 <br>1.21 Problems for Solution 38 <br> <br> CHAPTER 2 Specifications, Loads, and Methods of Design 39 <br>2.1 Specifications and Building Codes 39 <br>2.2 Loads 41 <br>2.3 Dead Loads 41 <br>2.4 Live Loads 42 <br>2.5 Environmental Loads 45 <br>2.6 Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) and Allowable Strength Design (ASD) 51 <br>2.7 Nominal Strengths 52 <br>2.8 Shading 52 <br>2.9 Computation of Loads for LRFD and ASD 52 <br>2.10 Computing Combined Loads with LRFD Expressions 53 <br>2.11 Computing Combined Loads with ASD Expressions 57 <br>2.12 Two Methods of Obtaining an Acceptable Level of Safety 58 <br>2.13 Discussion of Sizes of Load Factors and Safety Factors 59 <br>2.14 Author’s Comment 60 <br>2.15 Problems for Solution 60 <br> <br> CHAPTER 3 Analysis of Tension Members 62 <br>3.1 Introduction 62 <br>3.2 Nominal Strengths of Tension Members 65 <br>3.3 Net Areas 67 <br>3.4 Effect of Staggered Holes 69 <br>3.5 Effective Net Areas 74 <br>3.6 Connecting Elements for Tension Members 84 <br>3.7 Block Shear 85 <br>3.8 Problems for Solution 94 <br> <br> CHAPTER 4 Design of Tension Members 103 <br>4.1 Selection of Sections 103 <br>4.2 Built-Up Tension Members 111 <br>4.3 Rods and Bars 115 <br>4.4 Pin-Connected Members 120 <br>4.5 Design for Fatigue Loads 122 <br>4.6 Problems for Solution 125 <br> <br> CHAPTER 5 Introduction to Axially Loaded Compression Members 129 <br>5.1 General 129 <br>5.2 Residual Stresses 132 <br>5.3 Sections Used for Columns 133 <br>5.4 Development of Column Formulas 137 <br>5.5 The Euler Formula 139 <br>5.6 End Restraint and Effective Lengths of Columns 141 <br>5.7 Stiffened and Unstiffened Elements 144 <br>5.8 Long, Short, and Intermediate Columns 145 <br>5.9 Column Formulas 148 <br>5.10 Maximum Slenderness Ratios 150 <br> <br> CHAPTER 6 Design of Axially Loaded Compression Members 163 <br>6.1 Introduction 163 <br>6.2 AISC Design Tables 166 <br>6.3 Column Splices 171 <br>6.4 Built-Up Columns 174 <br>6.5 Built-Up Columns with Components <br>in Contact with Each Other 175 <br>6.6 Connection Requirements for Built-Up Columns Whose Components Are in Contact with Each Other 176 <br>6.7 Built-Up Columns with Components not in Contact with Each Other 182 <br>6.8 Single-Angle Compression Members 187 <br>6.9 Sections Containing Slender Elements 189 <br>6.10 Flexural-Torsional Buckling of Compression Members 191 <br>6.11 Problems for Solution 196 <br> <br>CHAPTER 7 Design of Axially Loaded Compression Members (Continued) and Column Base Plates 200 <br>7.1 Introduction 200 <br>7.2 Further Discussion of Effective Lengths 201 <br>7.3 Frames Meeting Alignment Chart Assumptions 205 <br>7.4 Frames Not Meeting Alignment Chart Assumptions as to Joint Rotations 208 <br>7.5 Stiffness-Reduction Factors 211 <br>7.6 Columns Leaning on Each Other for In-Plane Design 215 <br>7.7 Base Plates for Concentrically Loaded Columns 218 <br>7.8 Problems for Solution 232 <br> <br> CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Beams 237 <br>8.1 Types of Beams 237 <br>8.2 Sections Used as Beams 237 <br>8.3 Bending Stresses 238 <br>8.4 Plastic Hinges 239 <br>8.5 Elastic Design 240 <br>8.6 The Plastic Mo