Brain Development in Drosophila melanogaster
Gebonden Engels 2008 2008e druk 9780387782607Samenvatting
The central nervous system (CNS) represents the organ with the highest struc tural and functional complexity. Accordingly, uncovering the mechanisms leading to cell diversity, patterning and connectivity in the CNS is one ofthe major chal lenges in developmental biology. The developing CNS of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is an ideal model system to study these processes. Several principle questions regarding neurogenesis (like stem cell formation, cell fate specification, axonal pathfinding) have been addressedinDrosophilaby focusing on the relatively simply structuredtruncal partsofthe nervous system. However, informationprocess ing (e. g. , vision, olfaction), behavior, learning and memory require highly special ized structures, which are located in the brain. Owing to much higher complexity and hidden segmental organisation, our understandingofbrain development is still quite rudimentary. Considerable advances have been made recently in bringing the resolution ofbrain structures to the level ofindividual cells and their lineages, which significantly facilitates investigations into the mechanisms controlling brain development. This book provides an overview of some major facets of recent research on Drosophila brain development. The individual chapters were written by experts in each field. V. Hartenstein et al survey the generic cell types that make up the developing brain and describe themorphogenesisofneural lineages and theirrelation ship to neuropil compartments in the larval brain. Recent findings on anteroposterior regionalization and on dorsoventral patterning in the embryonic brain are reviewed in the chapters by R. Lichtneckert and H. Reichert and by R. Urbach and G. Technau, respectively. Both processes show striking parallels betweenDrosophila and mouse.
Specificaties
Lezersrecensies
Inhoudsopgave
1. The Development of the Drosophila Larval Brain
Volker Hartenstein, Shana Spindler, Wayne Pereanu and Siaumin Fung
Abstract
Synopsis of the Phases and Elements of Drosophila Brain Development
Progenitors of the Drosophila Brain: Neuroblasts and Ganglion Mother Cells
The Generic Cell Types of the Drosophila Brain
Neuroanatomy of the Developing Drosophila Brain: The Systems of Lineages,
Tracts and Compartments
Outlook
2. Anteroposterior Regionalization of the Brain: Genetic and Comparative Aspects
Robert Lichtneckert and Heinrich Reichert
Abstract
Introduction
The Cephalic Gap Genes Otd/Otx and Ems/Emx Control Anterior
Brain Development
The Hox Genes Pattern the Posterior Brain
Evidence for a Tripartite Organization of the Brain
3. Dorsoventral Paterning of the Brain: A Comparative Approach
Rolf Urbach and Gerhard M. Technau
Abstract
Introduction
DV Patterning of the Truncal Part of the CNS in Drosophila and vertebrates
DV patterning of the brain in Drosophila
A comparison with DV regionalization of the vertebrate telencephalon
Conclusions
4. Disection of the Embryonic Brain Using Photoactivated Gene Expresion
Jonathan Minden
Abstract
Introduction
Procephalic Blastoderm Fate Map
Brain-Forming Mitotic Domains Populate Distinct Brain Regions
Conclusion
5. Design of the Larval Chemosensory System
Reinhard F. Stocker
Abstract
Introduction
Chemosensory Organs of the Larval Head
Olfactory System
Gustatory System
The Drosophila Larva as a Model for Smell and Taste
6. Development of the Drosophila Olfactory System
Veronica Rodrigues and Thomas Hummel
Abstract
Introduction
Organization of the Drosophila Adult Olfactory System
Specification of the Olfactory Sense Organs
Olfactory Lineages Revisited
Origin of Glial Cells
Development of ORN Connectivity
Olfactory Map Organization
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of ORN Wiring Specificity
Specification of Projection Neurons
Development of PN Dendrites
Concluding Remarks
7. The Olfactory Sensory Map in Drosophila
Philippe P. Laissue and Leslie B. Vosshall
Abstract
Introduction
Olfactory Organs and Olfactory Sensory Neurons of Drosophila
Odorant Receptor Gene Expression
Ligand Tuning Profiles
A Receptor-Based Map of Glomerular Projections
Sexual Dimorphism in the Drosophila Olfactory System
Concluding Remarks
8. Optic Lobe Development
Karl-Friedrich Fischbach and Peter Robin Hiesinger
Abstract
Introduction
The Adult Visual System Is Organized into Parallel Visuotoptic
Functional Pathways
Lamina Development
Medulla and Lobula Complex Development
Concluding Remarks
9. Clonal Unit Architecture of the Adult Fly Brain
Kei Ito and Takeshi Awasaki
Abstract
Introduction
Structure of the Adult Brain
Techniques for Visualising Clonally Related Progeny
Clonal Unit Architecture in the Adult Brain
Formation of the Clonal Units During Development
Functional Importance of the Clonal Units
Conclusion
INDEX
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