Asynchronous Circuits

1 Introductory Examples.- 1.1 Logic Gates.- 1.2 Performance Estimation.- 1.3 RS Flip-Flop.- 1.4 Dynamic CMOS Logic.- 1.5 Divide-by-2 Counter.- 1.6 Summary.- 2 Mathematical Background.- 2.1 Sets and Relations.- 2.2 Boolean Algebra.- 2.3 Ternary Algebra.- 2.4 Directed Graphs.- 3 Delay Models.- 3.1 Environment Modes.- 3.2 Gates with Delays.- 3.3 Ideal Delays.- 3.4 Inertial Delays.- 4 Gate Circuits.- 4.1 Properties of Gates.- 4.2 Classes of Gate Circuits.- 4.3 The Circuit Graph.- 4.4 Network Models.- 4.5 Models of More Complex Gates.- 5 CMOS Transistor Circuits.- 5.1 CMOS Cells.- 5.2 Combinational CMOS Circuits.- 5.3 General CMOS Circuits.- 5.4 Node Excitation Functions.- 5.5 Path Strength Models.- 5.6 Capacitance Effects.- 5.7 Network Model of CMOS Circuits.- 6 Up-Bounded-Delay Race Models.- 6.1 The General Multiple-Winner Model.- 6.2 GMW Analysis and UIN Delays.- 6.3 The Outcome in GMW Analysis.- 6.4 Stable States and Feedback-State Networks.- 6.5 GMW Analysis and Network Models.- 6.6 The Extended GMW Model.- 6.7 Single-Winner Race Models.- 6.8 Up-Bounded Ideal Delays.- 6.9 Proofs.- 6.9.1 Proofs for Section 6.2.- 6.9.2 Proofs for Section 6.3.- 7 Ternary Simulation.- 7.1 Introductory Examples.- 7.2 Algorithm A.- 7.3 Algorithm B.- 7.4 Feedback-Delay Models.- 7.5 Hazards.- 7.5.1 Static Hazards.- 7.5.2 Dynamic Hazards.- 7.6 Ternary Simulation and the GSW Model.- 7.7 Ternary Simulation and the XMW Model.- 7.8 Proofs of Main Results.- 8 Bi-Bounded Delay Models.- 8.1 Discrete Binary Models.- 8.2 Continuous Binary Model.- 8.3 Algorithms for Continuous Binary Analysis.- 8.4 Continuous Ternary Model.- 8.5 Discrete Ternary Model.- 9 Complexity of Race Analysis.- 9.1 Stable-State Reachability.- 9.2 Limited Reachability.- 10 Regular Languages and Finite Automata.- 10.1 Regular Languages.- 10.1.1 Semigroups.- 10.1.2 Languages.- 10.1.3 Regular Languages.- 10.1.4 Quotients of Languages.- 10.2 Regular Expressions.- 10.2.1 Extended Regular Expressions.- 10.2.2 Quotients of Regular Expressions.- 10.3 Quotient Equations.- 10.4 Finite Automata.- 10.4.1 Basic Concepts.- 10.4.2 Recognizable Languages.- 10.5 Equivalence and Reduction of Automata.- 10.6 Nondeterministic Automata.- 10.7 Expression Automata.- 11 Behaviors and Realizations.- 11.1 Motivation.- 11.2 Behaviors.- 11.3 Projections of Implementations to Specifications.- 11.4 Relevant Words.- 11.4.1 Same Input and Output Alphabets.- 11.4.2 Different Input and Output Alphabets.- 11.5 Proper Behaviors.- 11.6 Realization.- 11.6.1 Safety and Capability.- 11.6.2 Deadlock.- 11.6.3 Livelock.- 11.6.4 Definition of Realization.- 11.7 Behavior Schemas.- 11.8 Concluding Remarks.- 12 Types of Behaviors.- 12.1 Introductory Examples.- 12.2 Fundamental-Mode Specifications.- 12.3 Fundamental-Mode Network Behaviors.- 12.4 Direct Behaviors.- 12.5 Serial Behaviors.- 13 Limitations of Up-Bounded Delay Models.- 13.1 Delay-Insensitivity in Fundamental Mode.- 13.2 Composite Functions.- 13.3 Main Theorem for Fundamental Mode.- 13.4 Delay-Insensitivity in Input/Output Mode.- 13.4.1 The Main Lemma.- 13.4.2 Some Behaviors Without DI Realizations.- 13.4.3 Nontrivial Sequential Behaviors.- 13.5 Concluding Remarks.- 14 Symbolic Analysis.- 14.1 Representing Boolean Functions.- 14.2 Symbolic Representations.- 14.2.1 Finite Domains.- 14.2.2 Sets.- 14.2.3 Relations.- 14.2.4 Behaviors.- 14.3 Deriving Symbolic Behaviors.- 14.4 Symbolic Race Analysis.- 14.4.1 Symbolic Ternary Simulation.- 14.4.2 Symbolic Bounded-Delay Analysis.- 14.5 Symbolic Verification of Realization.- 14.6 Symbolic Model Checking.- 15 Design of Asynchronous Circuits.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2 Fundamental-Mode Huffman Circuits.- 15.3 Hollaar Circuits.- 15.4 Burst-Mode Circuits.- 15.5 Module Synthesis Using I-Nets.- 15.6 Signal Transition Graphs.- 15.7 Change Diagrams.- 15.8 Protocols in DI Circuits.- 15.9 Ebergen’s Trace Theory Method.- 15.10 Compilation of Communicating Processes.- 15.11 Handshake Circuits.- 15.12 Module-Based Compilation Systems.- 15.13 DCVSL and Interconnection Modules.- 15.14 Micropipelines.- 15.15 Concluding Remarks.- List of Figures.- List of Tables.- List of Mathematical Concepts.