Encyclopedia of Policy Studies, Second Edition

Part 1 General approaches to policy studies: conceptual, methodological and utilization stages in policy analysis - basic concepts in policy studies, systematic policy evaluation methods, decision-aiding software and super-optimum solutions, the utilization of policy research; stages in policy formation and implementation - policy formation, policy implementation; policy analysis across nations and across disciplines - comparing policies across nations and cultures, developing nations and public policy, policy analysis across academic disciplines; policy problems on various government levels - the states in the federal system, urban government policy. Part 2 Specific policy problems: problems with a political science emphasis - foreign policy, military (the use, threat and control of force), electoral policy, legislative change, reform and public policy, free speech and civil liberties; problems with an economic emphasis - economic regulation, labour policy, communication policy, taxing and spending policy, agricultural policy; problems with a sociology or psychology emphasis - poverty and income maintenance programs, blacks, women and public policy, criminal justice policy, education policy, population policy; problems with an urban and regional planning emphasis - land-use policy, transportation policy, environmental protection policy; problems with a natural science or engineering emphasis - technological innovation and its assessment, health policy, energy policy, biomedical policy, space policy; concluding thoughts - values, ethics and standards in policy analysis.