Building Bilingual Education Systems

Part 1. Looking at the big picture: 1. United States of America - the paradoxes and possibilities of bilingual education; 2. Europe - supra-national interventions promoting bilingual education; 3. Canada - factors that shaped the creation and development of immersion education; 4. Estonia - laying the groundwork for bilingual education; 5. Utah - making immersion mainstream; 6. Basque Country - plurilingual education; 7. Kazakhstan - from twenty trilingual schools to thousands?; Voices from the field - England; Voices from the field - Canada; Voices from the field - Spain; Part 2. Looking at the long-term; 8. Cymru/Wales - towards a national strategy; 9. The Netherlands - quality control as a driving force in bilingual education; Voices from the field - Aotearoa/New Zealand; Voices from the field - Cymru/Wales; Part 3. Understanding the Role of Context; 10. United Arab Emirates - searching for an elusive balance in bilingual education; 11 Malta - bilingual education for self-preservation and global fitness; 12. Colombia - challenges and constraints; 13. South Africa - three periods of bilingual or multilingual education; Voices from the field - Brunei; Conclusion Forces, Mechanisms and Counterweights; Appendix: tools introduction; Tool 1. National or regional-level planning considerations for bi-/trilingual education; Tool 2. A bilingual education continuum.