David Koepsell
Who Owns You?
The Corporate Gold Rush to Patent Your Genes
Ingenaaid Engels 2009 9781405187305Niet leverbaar.
Samenvatting
U bent de eigenaar van uw eigen genen, toch? Denk nog maar eens na. Nu de wetenschap er in is geslaagd om het menselijk genoom in kaart te brengen, start er een nieuwe wedstrijd. Biotechnologiebedrijven, universiteiten en onderzoeksinstituten, zich bewust van de biologische goudmijn, zijn allemaal hard bezig om patent aan te vragen op menselijke genen. Momenteel is eenvijfde deel van het menselijk genoom gepatenteerd. Ook al klinkt het vergezocht, op dit moment hebben bedrijven en universiteiten de exclusieve rechten op enkele kostbare delen van u!
Hoe kan dit? Het patenteren van menselijke genen schendt internationale verdragen en gaat in tegen historische en juridische normen betreffende het eigendom van menselijke delen. En dat niet alleen; het is een kostbare en onethische dwaling in het intellectuele eigendomsrecht dat de wetenschappelijke en technische vooruitgang dreigt te belemmeren. 'Who owns you' doet ons inzien welke verstrekkende consequenties het patenteren van genen heeft.
Specificaties
ISBN13:9781405187305
Trefwoorden:ethiek, intellectueel kapitaal, onderzoek, intellectuele eigendom, biotechnologie, gentechnologie, patent
Taal:Engels
Bindwijze:ingenaaid
Aantal pagina's:187
Uitgever:Blackwell Publishing
Hoofdrubriek:Filosofie
Lezersrecensies
Wees de eerste die een lezersrecensie schrijft!
Inhoudsopgave
Acknowledgements
I. Introduction
1. You and Your Genes
2. Your Patented Parts
3. The “I, Robot, Your Robot” Scenario
4. The Elephant Man Scenario
5. There's Gold in Them Thar Genes!
6. Discovery, not Invention
7. Genetic Diversity and Cultural Commons
8. Are You Your Genes?
9. Genes, Information, and Privacy
10. Practical Considerations: Gene Patents and Innovation
11. The Road Ahead
1. Individual and Collective Rights in Genomic Data: Preliminary Issues
12. The Current Conundrum
13. The Objects of Our Study
14. The Legal Framework So Far
15. Special Challenges of DNA
16. Property and Parts
17. Autonomy, Individuality, and Personhood
18. Economics and the Marketplace for Genes
19. Ethics and Method
20. An Outline for the Investigation
21. The Challenge Ahead
2. Ethics and Ontology: A Brief Discourse on Method
22. Approaches to the Problem
23. Groundedness as an Empirical Measure
24. A Case in Point
25. The Groundedness of Ownership Moveables
26. So Where Does Ontology Get Us?
3. The Science: Genes and Phenotypes
27. Classical Genetics
28. Modern Genetics
29. How Genes Work
30. DNA Function in Metabolism
31. Differentiation
32. Information, Structure and Function: Individuals and 'Persons'
33. Information and Individuals.
34. Personhood and 'Me-ness'
4. DNA, Species, Individuals, and Persons
35. Individuals and Species
36. Commonalities Among Species
37. Individuals Within Species
38. Individual Histories and Individual Genomes
39. The Social and Legal Importance of Individuality
40. Human Individuals, Person, and Rights
41. Implications for Justice
5. Legal Dimensions in Gene Ownership
42. The Role of the Law
43. Autonomy and Property
44. Early Cases on Microorganisms and Animals: The Slope Toward Human Patents
45. Patenting Animals
46. Renting Your Spleen
47. The Move to Human Gene Patents
48. Patenting Diseases
49. Catalona and Beyond
50. What's so Strange about the Law of Bodies and Tissues?
51. The Law of Personal Identity
52. Reconciling the Law With Reality
6. Are Genes Intellectual Property?
53. The Historical Development of Intellectual Property
54. The Theory of Intellectual Property
55. Problem Areas in Intellectual Property Theory and Practice
56. Do Genes Fit any Current Notion of Intellectual Property?
57. What CAN Properly be Patented?
58. Genes and the Law: Where do They Fit?
7. DNA and The Commons
59. Current Schemes of IP Protection
60. Existing Forms of Property Protection
61. Brute Facts and Genes
62. Unique Property Protection for DNA?
63. The Notion of the Commons
64. The Commons as a Choice
65. The Commons by Necessity
66. DNA as a Commons
67. Is DNA More Like Ideas or Radio Spectra?
8. Pragmatic Considerations of Gene Ownership
68. The Evolution of the Institutions of Science
69. The Big Business of Biotech and the Cornucopia of the HGP
70. The Marketplace of Genes
71. Open Source and Free Markets
72. Open Source in Biology
73. National Regulation of Gene Markets
74. DNA Wants to be Free
9. So, Who Owns You? Some Conclusions about Genes, Property, and Personhood?
75. Errors in the Law
76. Problems of Personhood
77. Other Potential Persons and Property Issues
78. Our Common Genetic Heritage: What Does it Mean?
79. Your Genome/Our Genome
80. Future Issues: Where do we Go From Here?
I. Introduction
1. You and Your Genes
2. Your Patented Parts
3. The “I, Robot, Your Robot” Scenario
4. The Elephant Man Scenario
5. There's Gold in Them Thar Genes!
6. Discovery, not Invention
7. Genetic Diversity and Cultural Commons
8. Are You Your Genes?
9. Genes, Information, and Privacy
10. Practical Considerations: Gene Patents and Innovation
11. The Road Ahead
1. Individual and Collective Rights in Genomic Data: Preliminary Issues
12. The Current Conundrum
13. The Objects of Our Study
14. The Legal Framework So Far
15. Special Challenges of DNA
16. Property and Parts
17. Autonomy, Individuality, and Personhood
18. Economics and the Marketplace for Genes
19. Ethics and Method
20. An Outline for the Investigation
21. The Challenge Ahead
2. Ethics and Ontology: A Brief Discourse on Method
22. Approaches to the Problem
23. Groundedness as an Empirical Measure
24. A Case in Point
25. The Groundedness of Ownership Moveables
26. So Where Does Ontology Get Us?
3. The Science: Genes and Phenotypes
27. Classical Genetics
28. Modern Genetics
29. How Genes Work
30. DNA Function in Metabolism
31. Differentiation
32. Information, Structure and Function: Individuals and 'Persons'
33. Information and Individuals.
34. Personhood and 'Me-ness'
4. DNA, Species, Individuals, and Persons
35. Individuals and Species
36. Commonalities Among Species
37. Individuals Within Species
38. Individual Histories and Individual Genomes
39. The Social and Legal Importance of Individuality
40. Human Individuals, Person, and Rights
41. Implications for Justice
5. Legal Dimensions in Gene Ownership
42. The Role of the Law
43. Autonomy and Property
44. Early Cases on Microorganisms and Animals: The Slope Toward Human Patents
45. Patenting Animals
46. Renting Your Spleen
47. The Move to Human Gene Patents
48. Patenting Diseases
49. Catalona and Beyond
50. What's so Strange about the Law of Bodies and Tissues?
51. The Law of Personal Identity
52. Reconciling the Law With Reality
6. Are Genes Intellectual Property?
53. The Historical Development of Intellectual Property
54. The Theory of Intellectual Property
55. Problem Areas in Intellectual Property Theory and Practice
56. Do Genes Fit any Current Notion of Intellectual Property?
57. What CAN Properly be Patented?
58. Genes and the Law: Where do They Fit?
7. DNA and The Commons
59. Current Schemes of IP Protection
60. Existing Forms of Property Protection
61. Brute Facts and Genes
62. Unique Property Protection for DNA?
63. The Notion of the Commons
64. The Commons as a Choice
65. The Commons by Necessity
66. DNA as a Commons
67. Is DNA More Like Ideas or Radio Spectra?
8. Pragmatic Considerations of Gene Ownership
68. The Evolution of the Institutions of Science
69. The Big Business of Biotech and the Cornucopia of the HGP
70. The Marketplace of Genes
71. Open Source and Free Markets
72. Open Source in Biology
73. National Regulation of Gene Markets
74. DNA Wants to be Free
9. So, Who Owns You? Some Conclusions about Genes, Property, and Personhood?
75. Errors in the Law
76. Problems of Personhood
77. Other Potential Persons and Property Issues
78. Our Common Genetic Heritage: What Does it Mean?
79. Your Genome/Our Genome
80. Future Issues: Where do we Go From Here?
Rubrieken
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- coaching en trainen
- communicatie en media
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- internet en social media
- it-management / ict
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- psychologie
- reclame en verkoop
- strategisch management
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