Oxidative Stress and Signal Transduction

Introduction. Section I. Immediate cellular responses to oxidative stress and the production of second messengers - Activation of the nitric oxide - cyclic GMP signal transduction pathway by oxidative stress; Peroxynitrite and cell signaling; Nitric oxide signaling through mitochondrial calcium release; Phospholipase A2 activation: an early manifestation of oxidative stress; Oxidant-mediated activation of phospholipases C and D; Peroxide tone in eicosanoid signalling; Protein kinase C as a sensor for oxidative stress in tumor promotion and chemoprevention; Tyrosine phosphorylaiton in oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen intermediates as signaling molecules regulating leukocyte activation. Section II The connection of oxidative induced changes in second messengers and transcription factors with activation of gene expression - Reactive oxygen species as primary signals and second messengers in the activation of transcription factors; STAT activation by oxidative stress; The antioxidant response element; Oxyradicals as signal transducers. Section III Gene expression in reponse to oxidative stress - Modulation by oxidant and antioxidants of signal transduction and smooth muscle cell proliferation; The role of heme oxygenase - 1 in the mammalian stress reponse: molecular aspects of regulation and function; Induction of gene expression by environmental oxidants associated with inflammation, fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis; Regulation of glutathione peroxidases; Gene expression of DT-diaphorase in cancer cells.