Structure and Function of the Aspartic Proteinases

Mammalian Gastric Proteinases: Plenary Lectures.- Studies on Pepsin Mutagenesis and Recombinant Rhizopuspepsin.- Inhibitor Binding Induces Structural Changes in Porcine Pepsin.- Functional Implications of the Three-Dimensional Structure of Bovine Chymosin.- Why Does Pepsin Have a Negative Charge at Very Low pH? An Analysis of Conserved Charged Residues in Aspartic Proteinases.- X-Ray Structural Studies of Mammalian Aspartic Proteinases.- Aspartic Protease Inhibitors from the Parasitic Nematode Ascaris.- Nonspecific Electrostatic Binding of Substrates and Inhibitors to Porcine Pepsin.- Mammalian Gastric Proteinases: Poster Reports.- Analysis of the Promoter of a Human Pepsinogen A Gene.- Separation and Characterization of Human Pepsinogens and Pepsins by High-Resolution Discontinuous Electrophoresis.- A Highly Informative Polymorphism of the Pepsinogen C Gene Detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction.- Consequences of Intramolecular Ionic Interactions for the Activation Rate of Human Pepsinogens A and C as Revealed by Molecular Modelling.- Characteristics and Composition of Pepsins from Atlantic Cod.- Reduction of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Induced Gastric Damage in the Rat by Soluble Pepstatin Derivatives.- Production of Prochymosin in Lactococci.- Structure and Chromosomal Localization of the Human Prochymosin Pseudogene.- Amino Acid Sequence of Lamb Preprochymosin and Its Comparison to Other Chymosins.- Quantum-Chemical Study of the Catalytic Mechanism of Aspartic Proteinases.- Effects of Viscosity and Solvent Deuterium Identify Multiple Partially Rate-Limiting Steps in the Kinetics of Porcine Pepsin.- Structure-Function Database for Active Site Binding to the Aspartic Proteinases.- Microbial Aspartic Proteinases: Plenary Lectures.- to Fungal Proteinases and Expression in Fungal Systems.- Characterization of the Bar Proteinase, an Extracellular Enzyme from the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.- Candidia albicans Acid Proteinase: Characterization and Role in Candidiasis.- Pepstatin-Insensitive Carboxyl Proteinases.- Structure and Function of a Pepstatin-Insentitive Acid Proteinase from Aspergillus niger var. macrosporus.- Infection and Pathogenesis of Cash Crops by Botrytis cinerea: Primary Role of an Aspartic Proteinase.- Crystal Structures of Rhizopuspepsin/Inhibitor Complexes.- A Yeast Expression System and Site-Directed Mutagenesis of a Fungal Aspartic Proteinase, Mucor Rennin.- Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Penicillopepsin.- Microbial Aspartic Proteinases: Poster Reports.- Thermopsin, a Thermostable Acid Protease from Sulfolobusacidocaldarius.- Purification of an Aspartic Proteinase from Aspergillus aculeatus.- Effect of Growth Conditions on the Extracellular Production of the Aspartic Proteinase by Candida Albicans.- X-Ray Analysis of a Difluorostatone Renin Inhibitor Bound as the Tetrahedral Hydrate to the Aspartic Protease Endothiapepsin.- Substrate Specificity Study of Recombinant Rhizopus chinensis Aspartic Proteinase.- Non-Gastric Mammalian Proteinases: Plenary Lectures.- Localization of Cathepsin D in Endosomes: Characterization and Biological Importance.- Proteolytic Activation of Human Procathepsin D.- Biological Significance and Activity Control of Cathepsin E Compared with Cathepsin D.- Exploiting the Molecular Template of Angiotensinogen in the Discovery and Design of Peptidyl, Pseudopeptidyl and Peptidemimetic Inhibitors of Human Renin: A Structure-Activity Perspective.- Design of Renin Inhibitors Containing Conformationally Restricted Mimetics of the P1-P1? and P1 Through P2? Sites.- Non-Gastric Mammalian Proteinases: Poster Reports.- Efficient Mutagenesis, Expression and Purification of Procathepsin D.- Mapping of Lysosomal Targeting Determinants of Cathepsin D.- Comparison of Kinetic Properties of Native and Recombinant Human Cathepsin D.- Cathepsin D Inhibitor from Potato Tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.).- Aspartic Proteinase from Barley Seeds Is Related to Animal Cathepsin D.- Immunohistochemical and Immunocytochemical Localization of Cathepsin E Compared with Cathepsin D.- Origins of the Multiple Cathepsin E Transcripts Observed in Human Gastric Mucosa and Gastric Adenocarcinoma.- Human Stomach Cathepsin E Action on Human Immunoglobins.- The Engineering of Recombinant Active Human Prerenin and Its Expression in Mammalian and Insect Cells.- Simple Procedure for Recovery of Crystallizable Human Recombinant Renin from Mammalian Cell-Conditioned Medium.- Substrate Specificity of Human Renin: The Effect of Substitutions at the Amino Terminus and P3 Position of the Substrate.- Substrate Analogue Renin Inhibitors Containing Replacements of Histidine in P2 or Isosteres of the Amide Bond between P3 and P2 Sites.- Molecular Modeling of Renin Inhibitor P2 Substituents.- Retroviral Aspartic Proteinases: Plenary Lectures.- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteinase: Now, Then, What’s Next?.- Substrate Specificity of the Human (Type 1) and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Proteases.- Expression and Characterization of Genetically Linked Homo- and Hetero-Dimers of HIV Proteinase.- Expression of the HIV Aspartic Protease Fused to a Bacterial Phenotypic Marker.- Comparison of Three Inhibitor Complexes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease.- Comparisons of the Sequences, 3-D Structures and Mechanisms of Pepsin-Like and Retroviral Aspartic Proteinases.- The Three-Dimensional X-Ray Crystal Structure of HIV-1 Protease Complexed with a Hydroxyethylene Inhibitor.- Substrate Cleavage by HIV-1 Proteinase.- The Evaluation of Non-Viral Substrates of the HIV Protease as Leads in the Design of Inhibitors for AIDS Therapy.- Interaction of Mutant Forms of the HIV-1 Protease with Substrate and Inhibitors.- Structure-Based Inhibition of HIV-1 Protease Activity and Viral Infectivity.- Retroviral Aspartic Proteinases: Poster Reports.- Analysis of Temperature-Sensitive Mutants of the HIV-1 Protease.- Studies of the Autoprocessing of the HIV-1 Protease Using Cleavage Site Mutants.- Mutational Analysis of a Native Substrate of the HIV-1 Proteinase.- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies: Reagents for Studying HIV-1 Proteinase Variants.- Cloning, Expression and Kinetic Characterization of the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Proteinase.- Protein-Engineered Proteinase of Myeloblastosis Associated Virus, An Enzyme of High Activity and HIV-1 Proteinase-Like Specificity.- p 15gag Proteinase of Myeloblastosis Associated Virus: Specificity Studies with Substrate Based Inhibitors.- Scintillation Proximity Enzyme Assay. A Rapid and Novel Assay Technique Applied to HIV Proteinase.- Improved Chromatographic Method for the Assay of Retroviral Proteases.- Cleavage of the Intermediate Filament Subunit Protein Vimentin by HIV-1 Protease: Utilization of a Novel Cleavage Site and Identification of Higher Order Polymers of Pepstatin A.- A New Type of Aspartic Proteinase Inhibitors with a Symmetric Structure.- Time Dependent Heterodimer Formation Leads to Inhibition of HIV Protease Activity.- Molecular Modeling of the HIV-2 Protease.- Theoretical Models of Aspartic Proteases: Active Site Properties, Dimer Stability and Interactions with Model Inhibitors.- A Consensus Template for the Aspartic Proteinase Fold.- Author Index.