Environmental Kuznets Curves

Introduction.- Why Does the Environment Matter?.- Patterns of Environmental Change.- Objectives and Methodology.- Overview of this Study.- Economic Determinants of Environmental Quality Changes.- Emission Accounting.- Unintentional Emission Reductions.- Intentional Emission Reductions.- Valuing Environmental Quality Improvements.- The Emergence of Demand of for Pollution Reductions.- Concluding Remarks.- Appendix.- Environmental Preferences, Socially Optimal Growth, and Pollution.- The General Model and its Dynamics.- Extension to n Dimensions of Environmental Quality.- Functional Forms for Utility and Environmental Quality.- Is Environmental Quality a Luxury?.- Concluding Remarks.- Appendix.- Income Distribution, Desired Environmental Policy, and Green Middle-Class Elitism.- Environmental Policy and Environmental Quality.- Distributional Inequality and Pollution.- The Middle Class and Environmental Protection Issues.- Sensitivity of Income to Environmental Policy Changes.- A Private Supplement to Public Environmental Quality.- Concluding Remarks.- Appendix.- Environmental Concern, Green Campaigning, and Corporate Lobbying.- Environmental Concern and Public Environmental Policy.- Green Campaigning.- Corporate Lobbying.- Green Campaigning Revisited.- Concluding Remarks.- Appendix.- Endogenous Environmental Policy and its Effects on a Growing Economy.- A Multi-Sector Growth Model with Pollution.- Government Objective and Policy.- The Development Phase.- The Environment Phase.- Concluding Remarks.- Appendix.- Environmental Kuznets Curves: Limitations and Opportunities.- A Simple Concept and its Complex Realisation.- Environmental Kuznets Curves: Not a Cure-All.- From Cowboy Economy to Spaceman Economy.