Biophysics

1. Nature and Subject of Biophysics; 2. Molecular Structure of Biological Systems: Intramolecular Bonds; Molecular Excitation and Energy Transfer; Thermal Molecular Movement, Order and Probability; Molecular and Ional Interactions as the Basis for the Formation of Biological Structures; Interfacial Phenomena; 3. Energetics and Dynamics of Biological Systems: Some Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics; The Aqueous and Ionic Equilibrium of the Living Cell; The Thermodynamic Analysis of Fluxes; Non-equilibrium States of Ions in Cells and Organelles; The Mechanical Properties of Biological Materials; The Biomechanical Consequences of Fluid Behavior; 4. Physical Factors in the Environment: Temperature; Pressure; Mechanical Oscillations; Electromagnetic Fields; Ionizing Radiation; 5. The Kinetics of Biological Systems: The General Foundation of System Theory; Metabolism and Exchange Systems; Propagation, Growth and Evolution