Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology

1 Mammalian Hibernation: An Escape from the Cold.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Ecological Significance of Mammalian Hibernation.- 3 Organ System and Organ/Tissue Adaptations.- 4 Cellular, Subcellular, and Membrane Adaptations.- 5 Antimetabolic Peptides, the “Hibernation Induction Trigger”, and the Opioids.- References.- 2 Water Vapor Absorption by Terrestrial Organisms.- 1 Introduction.- 2 General Features of Absorption Systems: Sites, Structures, and Mechanisms.- 3 Functional Classification of Absorption Mechanisms.- 4 Concluding Remarks.- References.- 3 Nutrient Transport by the Invertebrate Gut.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Annelida.- 3 Echinodermata.- 4 Mollusca.- 5 Arthropoda.- 6 Overview of Invertebrate Nutrient Absorption.- References.- 4 Nutrient Transport Across Vertebrate Intestine.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Where Sugar and Amino Acid Absorption Occurs.- 3 Pathways for Sugar and Amino Acid Absorption and Mechanisms of Regulation.- 4 Patterns of Adaptation.- References.- 5 Nutrient Transport Across the Integument of Marine Invertebrates.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Background Information.- 3 Integumental Transport in Marine Mollusks.- 4 Integumental DOM Transport in Echinoderms.- 5 Integumental Uptake of DOM in Annelids.- 6 On the Mechanism of Integumental Transport.- 7 Conclusions.- References.- 6 The Fate of Stable Pollutants — Heavy Metals and Organochlorines — in Marine Organisms.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Contamination Level of Marine Organisms.- 3 Fate of Pollutants in Marine Organisms.- 4 Stable Pollutants at the Ecosystem Level, Biological Indicators and Monitoring.- References.