Rockglaciers

1 Definitions.- 2 Historical Development of the Term Rockglacier.- 3 Rockglaciers: Description and Morphometry.- 3.1 General Description.- 3.2 Form Types.- 3.3 Morphometric Parameters.- 4 Rockglacier Taxonomy.- 5 Rockglacier Distribution.- 5.1 General Information.- 5.2 Local Rockglacier Distribution.- 6 Rockglacier Material, Surficial Fabric and Internal Structure.- 6.1 Rock Type and Grain Size at and below the Surface.- 6.2 Internal Structure.- 6.3 The Active Layer on Rockglaciers.- 7 Rockglacier Movement, Velocity, and Rheology.- 7.1 The Horizontal and Vertical Movement of Active Rockglaciers.- 7.2 Geometry of Movement.- 7.3 Rheologie Considerations.- 7.4 Rockglacier Movement and Climate.- 7.5 Discussion of Rockglacier Movement.- 8 Rockglacier Genesis and the Relation to Similar-Looking Landforms.- 8.1 Rockglacier Genesis.- 8.2 Published Hypotheses of Rockglacier Formation.- 8.3 True Rockglaciers under Wrong Labels.- 9 The Age of Rockglaciers.- 9.1 The Age of Active Rockglaciers.- 9.2 The Age of Climatic Inactive Rockglaciers.- 9.3 The Age of Relict (Fossil) Rockglaciers.- 10 Rockglaciers and the High Mountain Environment.- 10.1 Active Rockglaciers and Mountain Permafrost.- 10.2 Rockglaciers in the Coarse Debris Cycle.- 10.3 Rockglaciers and Climate.- 10.4 Rockglaciers in the Alpine Hydrological Cycle.- 10.5 Rockglaciers as Hazards in Alpine Environments.- 10.6 The Environment of Active Rockglaciers.- 11 Summary and Outstanding Problems.- 12 References.- Index of Place Names.