The Computer in Training and Development

I Getting Involved.- 1. A New Era for Training and Development Professionals.- Examining Our Fears First.- Fear of the Unknown.- The Personalization Concept.- Prevalence of Computers.- Conquering Our Fears.- Why Should I Get Involved?.- 2. What a Computer Is—An Overview of Hardware.- Voltages.- Voltage Levels.- Representing Intelligence.- Intelligence In Computers.- Memory: A Way to Remember Instructions.- Counting: The Computer’s way.- Counting in Decimal. Counting in Binary..- Equating Binary Numbers to Voltage Levels.- Putting Concepts Together.- Binary/Decimal Equivalency. Memory Addresses. BITS—Binary.- Digits in Memory. Larger Memories..- Reviewing Bits, Bytes, and Memory Addresses.- More Hardware Concepts.- The Central Processing Unit (CPU).- Logic Circuits.- The AND Logic Circuit. The OR Logic Circuit. Inverter..- A Simple Example of Logic Combinations.- A Simple Exercise in Logic.- A Typical System of Computer Hardware.- Summary.- 3. What a Computer Is—An Overview of Software.- The Creation of Software.- The Problem—The Need.- Writing a Program—The Logistics.- A Simple Example.- The Problem and the Program. Executing the Program..- Variations on a Theme.- Variation 1: Incorrect Sequencing of Instructions. Variation 2: Incorrect Instruction. Debugging. The Point..- Summary.- 4. Higher Level Language Concepts and Operating Systems.- The Language Concept.- Higher Level Languages vs. Machine Language.- Method 1: Machine Language.- Selection of Proper Instructions. Selection of Memory Addresses for Program Storage. Selection of Memory Addresses for Data Storage. Execution. Summary—Method 1..- Method 2: Higher Level Language.- Loading the “Translation Mechanism” (Operating System)..- Statement Entry..- Comparison of Method 1 and Method 2.- Operating Systems.- The System.- Languages and Operating Systems For Every Need.- BASIC. FORTRAN. COBOL..- Summary.- 5. Input/Output Devices.- Keyboards.- CRTs.- Printers.- Communication Protocol.- Transmission Mode.- Print Format.- Dot Matrix. Letter Quality..- Buffered Printers.- Discs.- The Disc Defined.- The Disc Unit or Drive.- Disc Organization.- Use of a Disc.- Summary.- 6. Microcomputers and Microprocessors.- What Is a Microcomputer?.- Size and Cost.- Size. Cost..- Memory Technology.- A Typical Microcomputer.- Summary.- 7. System Summary and Review.- Review of Chapter 2—Hardware.- Review of Chapter 3—Software.- Review of Chapter 4—Higher Level Languages.- Review of Chapter 5—Input/Output Devices.- Review of Chapter 6—Microcomputers and Microprocessors.- II The Use of Computers in Training and Development.- 8. Concepts of Computer-Based Instruction.- Terms for Training Involving Computers.- Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI).- Drill and Practice.- Tutorial.- Simulation.- Performance Simulation. Systems Modeling. Experiential Simulation..- Problem Solving.- Informational.- Instructional Gaming.- Computer-Managed Instruction (CMI).- Instructional Management.- Administration and Support.- Types of Software Available.- Writing Your Own Programs.- Using Other Programs to Create a Program.- Programs Often Overlooked.- Use of Purchased Programs.- Media Generators..- Contracting Someone Else.- Hardware.- Looking for Hardware.- Summary.- 9. Beginning to Apply Computer-Based Training.- Criteria For Use of CBT.- Cost Effectiveness.- Timeliness.- Subject Matter.- Target Population Size.- Student Location and Distribution.- High Interaction.- Cost and Quality Checklist.- Peripheral Devices in CBT.- Card Readers.- Light Pens.- Bar Code Readers.- Plasma Screens.- Digitizing Pads.- Key Pads (Responders).- CRT Cameras.- Interfacing with Other Media.- Summary.- 10. Case Studies in Computer-Based Training.- Case 1.- Case 2.- Case 3.- Feedback Form for Readers.