Critical Loads and Dynamic Risk Assessments

1. The history and current state of critical loads and dynamic modelling assessments

 

Part I Assessment of indicators for air pollutant impacts

2. Geochemical indicators for use in the computation of critical loads and dynamic risk assessments

3. Plant species diversity indicators for use in the computation of critical loads and dynamic risk assessments

 

Part II Empirical and model based critical loads and target loads

4. Effects and empirical critical loads of nitrogen for Europe

5. Effects and empirical critical loads of nitrogen for ecoregions of the United States

6. Mass balance models to derive critical loads of nitrogen and acidity for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems

7. Mass balance approaches to assess critical loads and target loads of metals for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems

 

Part III Dynamic modeling for the assessment of air pollution impacts at site scale

8. Dynamic geochemical models to assess deposition impacts and target loads of acidity for soils and surface waters

9. Dynamic geochemical models to assess deposition impacts of metals for soils and surface waters

10. Use of combined biogeochemical model approaches and empirical data to assess critical loads of nitrogen

11. Field survey based models for exploring nitrogen and acidity effects on plant species diversity and assessing long-term critical loads

12. Use of an integrated soil-vegetation model to assess impacts of atmospheric deposition and climate change on plant species diversity

13. Evaluation of plant-responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition in France using integrated soil-vegetation models

14. Use of an empirical model approach for modelling trends of ecological sustainability

 

Part IV Critical loads and dynamic model applications on a regional scale

15. Assessment of critical loads of sulphur and nitrogen and their exceedances for terrestrial ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere

16. Critical load assessments for sulphur and nitrogen for soils and surface waters in China

17. Assessment of critical loads of acidity and their exceedances for European lakes

18. National-scale dynamic model applications for Nordic lake catchments

19. Critical load assessments and dynamic model applications for lakes in North America

20. Critical loads and critical limits of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc and their exceedances for terrestrial ecosystems in the United Kingdom

21. Critical loads of cadmium, lead and mercury and their exceedances in Europe

22. Derivation of critical loads of nitrogen for habitat types and their exceedances in the Netherlands

23. Assessing the impacts of nitrogen deposition on plant species richness in Europe

 

Part V Integrated assessment policy applications and synthesis   

24. Integrated assessment of impacts of atmospheric deposition and climate change on forest ecosystem services in Europe

25. Effects-based integrated assessment modelling for the support of European air pollution abatement policies

26. Synthesis

Appendix: Direct impacts on ecosystems and human health induced by exposure to ambient concentrations of air pollutants and related critical levels