Terrorism and Counterterrorism after the Caliphate

Acknowledgments vii
Introduction: Terrorism and Counterterrorism after the Caliphate ix
Afshin Ellian, Bastiaan Rijpkema and Gelijn Molier

Part I Concepts
Chapter 1 Longing for Lost Glory: The Caliphate – The Eternal Return of the Islamic State 3
Afshin Ellian
Chapter 2 The Non-state Actors of Neo-Jihad and Security in a War of Ideas over a New Order for the World 25
Bassam Tibi
Chapter 3 Do Postmodernism, Cultural Relativism and Multiculturalism Make Us Defenceless against Jihad? 37
Paul Cliteur
Chapter 4 Local Militant Democracy: Exploring the Relevance of Subnational Democracy for Normative Militant Democracy Theory 71
Bastiaan Rijpkema
Chapter 5 The Closing of the Righteous Mind: A Psychological Reading of Hannah Arendt’s On Violence 91
Arie-Jan Kwak
Chapter 6 Jason Walters: The Radicalization and Deradicalization of a Former ‘Hofstadgroup’ Member 109
Janny Groen

Part II Countries
Belgium
Chapter 7 The Findings and Recommendations of the Belgian Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry on Terrorist Attacks in a Comparative Perspective 125
Cyrille Fijnaut and Dirk Van Daele
Germany
Chapter 8 Defending the Free Democratic Basic Order – Four Stages of Combatting Enemies of the State in Germany 151
Raisa Blommestijn
Italy
Chapter 9 The Italian Debate on Islamist Radicalization 173
Michele Groppi
The Netherlands
Chapter 10 The Origin of the Threat of Islamic Terrorism – An Analysis of Dutch Intelligence Reports from 1991 until 2018 193
Bart Collard
The United States
Chapter 11 9/11 to 2019 – An 18-Year Retrospective: ‘The Mission Was NOT Accomplished’ 221
Amos N. Guiora
Chapter 12 Geopolitical Change and America’s Options in the Middle East 249
Rob de Wijk

List of contributors 265