Little, Brown Handbook, The, Global Edition

I. The Process of Writing

1-Assessing the Writing Situation
-1.1 How Writing Happens
-1.2 The Writing Situation
-1.3 Audience
-1.4 Purpose
-1.5 Subject
-1.6 Genre and Medium

2-Discovering and Shaping Ideas
-2.1 Invention
-2.2 Thesis
-2.3 Organization
-Sample Informative Essay

3-Drafting, Revising, and Editing
-3.1 First Draft
-Sample First Draft
-3.2 Revising
-3.3 Peer Review
-3.4 Sample Revision
-Sample Revised Draft
-3.5 Editing
-3.6 Final Draft
-Sample Final Draft

4-Writing and Revising Paragraphs
-4.1 Flow
-4.2 Unity
-4.3 Coherence
-4.4 Development
-4.5 Introductions, Conclusions, and Transitions

5-Presenting Writing
-5.1 Academic Writing
-5.2 Visuals and Media
-5.3 Writing Online
-Sample Literacy Narrative Blog Post
-5.4 Oral Presentations
-Sample Presentation Slides
-5.5 Portfolios

II. Reading and Writing in and out of College
6-Writing in Academic Situations
-6.1 Purpose and Audience
-6.2 Genre
-6.3 Writing with Sources
-6.4 Academic Language
-6.5 Communication in Academic Settings

7-Critical Reading and Writing
-7.1 Critical Thinking
-7.2 Techniques of Critical Reading
-7.3 Summarizing
-7.4 Critical Response
-7.5 Visual Analysis
-7.6 Writing a Critical Analysis
-7.7 Sample Critical Responses
-Sample Critical Analysis of a Text
-Sample Critical Analysis of a Visual

8-Reading Arguments Critically
-8.1 The Elements of Argument
-8.2 Claims
-8.3 Evidence
-8.4 Reliability
-8.5 Assumptions
-8.6 Language and Tone
-8.7 Fallacies
-8.8 Visual Arguments

9-Writing an Argument
-9.1 Subject
-9.2 Thesis, Purpose, and Audience
-9.3 Reasoning
-9.4 Evidence
-9.5 Engaging Readers
-9.6 Organizing and Revising
-9.7 Sample Argument
-Sample Proposal Argument

10-Taking Essay Exams
-10.1 Preparing
-10.2 Planning
-10.3 Writing
-Sample Essay Exam Answer

11-Public Writing
-11.1 Social Media
-11.2 Letters and Memos
-Sample Business Letter
-Sample Memo
-11.3 Job Applications
-Sample Job Application Letter
-Sample Résumés
-11.4 Reports and Proposals
-Sample Report and Proposal
-11.5 Community Service
-Sample Social-Media Post


III. Grammatical Sentences
12-Understanding Sentence Grammar
-12.1 Sentence Basics
-12.2 Sentence Patterns
-12.3 Single-Word Modifiers
-12.4 Word Groups
-12.5 Compound Constructions
-12.6 Inverted Order
-12.7 Sentence Types

13-Case of Nouns and Pronouns
-13.1 Subjective, Objective, and Possessive Cases
-13.2 Compound Subjects and Objects
-13.3 Common Questions about Case

14-Verbs
-14.1 Verb Forms
-14.2 Easily Confused Verb Forms
-14.3 Verb Endings
-14.4 Helping Verbs
-14.5 Verbs with Gerunds and Infinitives
-14.6 Verbs with Particles
-14.7 Verb Tenses
-14.8 Sequence of Tenses
-14.9 Subjunctive Mood
-14.10 Active and Passive Voice

15-Agreement
-15.1 Subject-Verb Agreement
-15.2 Unusual Word Order
-15.3 Subjects Joined by Conjunctions
-15.4 Indefinite and Relative Pronouns
-15.5 Collective and Plural Nouns
-15.6 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

16-Adjectives and Adverbs
-16.1 Functions of Adjectives and Adverbs
-16.2 Comparative and Superlative Forms
-16.3 Double Negatives
-16.4 Nouns as Modifiers
-16.5 Determiners

IV. Clear Sentences
17-Sentence Fragments
-17.1 Identifying Fragments
-17.2 Correcting Fragments
-17.3 Common Types of Fragments
-17.4 Acceptable Fragments

18-Comma Splices and Fused Sentences
-18.1 Identifying Comma Splices and Fused Sentences
-18.2 Correcting Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

19-Pronoun Reference
-19.1 Clear Reference
-19.2 Close Reference
-19.3 Specific Reference
-19.4 Appropriate You, Who, Which, and That

20-Shifts
-20.1 Types of Shifts
-20.2 Person and Number
-20.3 Tense and Mood
-20.4 Subject and Voice
-20.5 Direct and Indirect Quotations and Questions

21-Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
-21.1 Clear Placement
-21.2 Limiting Modifiers
-21.3 Squinting Modifiers
-21.4 Separated Subjects, Verbs, and Objects
-21.5 Separated Infinitives and Verb Phrases
-21.6 Position of Adverbs
-21.7 Order of Adjectives
-21.8 Dangling Modifiers

22-Mixed and Incomplete Sentences
-22.1 Mixed Grammar
-22.2 Mixed Meaning
-22.3 Incomplete Compounds
-22.4 Incomplete Comparisons
-22.5 Careless Omissions

V. Effective Sentences
23-Emphasizing Ideas
-23.1 Subjects and Verbs
-23.2 Subject Beginnings and Endings
-23.3 Parallel Elements
-23.4 Repetition and Separation
-23.5 Conciseness

24-Using Coordination and Subordination
-24.1 Coordination
-24.2 Subordination
-24.3 Connecting Words

25-Using Parallelism
-25.1 Understanding Parallelism
-25.2 Equal Elements
-25.3 Coherence

26-Achieving Variety
-26.1 Sentence Length and Structure
-26.2 Sentence Beginnings
-26.3 Word Order

VI. Punctuation
Chart: Commas, Semicolons, Colons, Dashes, and Parentheses

27-End Punctuation
-27.1 Period
-27.2 Question Mark
-27.3 Exclamation Point

28-The Comma
-28.1 Uses of the Comma
-28.2 Main Clauses Linked by Conjunctions
-28.3 Introductory Elements
-28.4 Nonessential Elements
-28.5 Series and Coordinate Adjectives
-28.6 Quotations and Other Conventional Uses
-28.7 Unnecessary Commas

29-The Semicolon
-29.1 Main Clauses without Coordinating Conjunctions
-29.2 Main Clauses with Transitional Words
-29.3 Main Clauses That Are Long or Contain Commas
-29.4 Items in a Series
-29.5 Unnecessary Semicolons

30-The Apostrophe
-30.1 Possession
-30.2 Contractions and Abbreviations

31-Quotation Marks
-31.1 Direct Quotations
-31.2 Titles of Works
-31.3 Words Used in a Special Sense
-31.4 With Other Punctuation

32-Other Punctuation Marks
-32.1 Colon
-32.2 Dash
-32.3 Parentheses
-32.4 Brackets
-32.5 Ellipsis Mark
-32.6 Slash

VII. Mechanics
33-Capitals
-33.1 Conventions
-33.2 First Word of Sentence
-33.3 Titles and Subtitles
-33.4 Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives

34-Italics or Underlining
-34.1 Titles of Works
-34.2 Foreign Words and for Emphasis

35-Abbreviations
-35.1 Abbreviations in Nontechnical Writing
-35.2 Misuses of Abbreviations

36-Numbers
-36.1 Numerals and Words
-36.2 Dates and Addresses

VIII. Effective Words
37-Using Appropriate Language
-37.1 Standard English
-37.2 Texting and Electronic Shortcuts
-37.3 Slang, Colloquialisms, Regionalisms, and Jargon
-37.4 Indirect or Pretentious Writing
-37.5 Sexist and Biased Language

38-Using Exact Language
-38.1 Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Spelling Checker
-38.2 Denotation and Connotation
-38.3 Abstract and Concrete Words
-38.4 Idioms
-38.5 Figurative Language
-38.6 Trite Expressions

39-Writing Concisely
-39.1 Achieving Conciseness
-39.2 Subjects and Verbs
-39.3 Empty Words and Phrases
-39.4 Unnecessary Repetition
-39.5 Other Strategies

40-Spelling and the Hyphen
-40.1 Common Spelling Problems
-40.2 Spelling Rules
-40.3 Spelling Skills
-40.4 Hyphenating Words

IX. Research Writing
41-Planning a Research Project
-41.1 The Process of Research Writing
-41.2 Research Questions
-41.3 Research Strategies
-41.4 Working Bibliographies
-Sample Annotated Bibliography Entry

42-Finding Sources
-42.1 Search Strategies
-42.2 Reference Works
-42.3 Books and Periodicals
-42.4 Web Search Strategies
-42.5 Social Media
-42.6 Government Publications
-42.7 Visuals and Media
-42.8 Primary Research

43-Working with Sources
-43.1 Interacting with Sources
-Sample Annotated Source
-43.2 Evaluating Sources
-43.3 Synthesizing Sources
-43.4 Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation
-43.5 Integrating Sources

44-Avoiding Plagiarism
-44.1 Defining Plagiarism
-44.2 Information You Do Not Need to Cite
-44.3 Information You Must Cite
-44.4 Documenting Sources
-44.5 Copyright and Permissions

45-Writing the Paper
-45.1 Developing a Thesis
-45.2 Organizing Your Ideas
-45.3 Drafting a Research Paper
-45.4 Revising and Editing
-45.5 Preparing a Final Draft

46-Using MLA Documentation and Format
-46.1 In-text Citations
-46.2 List of Works Cited
-46.3 MLA Paper Format

47-Two Research Papers in MLA Style
-47.1 Sample Research Paper in MLA Style
-“The Dream of Sustainable Agriculture”
-47.2 Sample Literary Research Paper in MLA Style
-“Intersecting Race and Gender in Angelia Weld Grimké’s Rachel”

X. Writing in the Academic Disciplines
48-Reading and Writing about Literature
-48.1 The Methods of Literary Analysis
-48.2 Writing Assignments in Literature
-48.3 The Tools and Language of Literary Analysis
-48.4 Citing Sources When Writing about Literature
-48.5 Writing a Literary Analysis
-Sample Literary Analysis

49-Writing in Other Humanities
-49.1 Methods and Evidence
-49.2 Common Writing Assignments
-49.3 Tools and Language
-49.4 Documenting Sources
-49.5 Paper Format

50-Writing in the Social Sciences
-50.1 Common Genres in the Social Sciences
-50.2 Research Conventions in the Social Sciences
-50.3 In-text Citations in APA Style
-50.4 References in APA Style
-50.5 Research Paper Format in APA Style
-50.6 Sample Research Paper in APA Style
-“Perceptions of Mental Illness on College Campuses”

51-Writing in the Natural and Applied Sciences
-51.1 Methods and Evidence
-51.2 Common Writing Assignments
-51.3 Tools and Language
-51.4 CSE Style
-51.5 Paper Format
-51.6 Sample Paper
-“Caterpillar Defense Mechanisms”