Abbreviations
List of Tables and Figures
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 The Waste Challenge
1.2 The Resource Challenge
1.3 The Recovery Challenge
1.4 The Circular Economy Challenge
1.5 The Legislative Challenge
2 Methodology
2.1 Study Design
2.2 Data Collection Procedures
2.3 Analytic Strategy
2.4 Peer Review
2.5 Ethical Approval and Informed Consent
3 Reading Guide
Chapter 2 The General and Biotechnological State of the Art for VFG and Sludge Waste Streams
2.1 Production
2.2 Use
2.3 Collection
2.4 Treatment (Recycling, Recovery, Reprocessing)
2.5 Products Made from VFG and Sludge Recovered Materials
Chapter 3 Legal Basis for EU Action Relevant to the VFG and Sludge Material Streams
3.1 Legal Basis
3.2 Subsidiarity
3.3 Proportionality
3.4 Obstacles Relevant to VFG and Sludge
Chapter 4 Production of Foodstuff
4.1 Critical Raw Materials Law
4.2 Agriculture Law
Chapter 5 Legislative Framework for VFG Waste Stream
5.1 Collection
5.2 Treatment (Recycling, Recovery, Reprocessing)
5.3 Recycled Products from VFG Waste
5.4 Analysis
Chapter 6 Legislative Framework for the Sewage Sludge Waste Stream
6.1 Collection
6.2 Treatment (Recycling, Recovery, Reprocessing)
6.3 Products Recycled from Sludge Waste
6.4 Analysis
Chapter 7 Empirical Research Results
7.1 Conservation of Critical Raw Materials
7.2 Collection
7.3 Barriers to Treatment
7.4 Creation of New Products (and Markets)
Chapter 8 Discussion and Conclusion
8.1 General Findings
8.2 Recommendations
8.3 Concluding Thoughts
Bibliography
List of Cases
List of Primary Sources
Appendix 1 - Interview categories and institutions/companies of each interview participant
Appendix 2 - Sludge Treatment Diagram
Appendix 3 - Municipality-Specific Data on VFG Waste Collection in the Netherlands
Appendix 4 - Municipality-Specific Data on VFG Waste Collection in Croatia
Appendix 5 - Presence of Law and Policy Tools Table
Crotian Summary: Oprez, Raskorak!
Dutch Summary: Let op de gaten!
