National Courts and the Enforcement of EU Law: The Pivotal Role of National Courts in the EU Legal Order

Introduction from the FIDE 2020 Board ix
Introduction from the Editors xiii
Introduction du Comité Directeur du Congrès de la FIDE 2020 xv
Introduction des Editeurs xix
Begrüßung durch das Organisationskomitee von FIDE 2020 xxi
Vorwort der Bearbeiter xxv

Questionnaire – National Courts and the Enforcement of EU Law 1
General Rapporteur: Michael Dougan
Questionnaire – Les Juridisctions Nationales et l’ Appications du Droit de l’Union Europeenne 11
Rapporteur Général: Michael Dougan
Fragebogen – Nationale Gerichte und die Durchsetzung des Europarechts 21
Generellen Berichterstatter: Michael Dougan

General Report – National Courts and the Enforcement of EU Law 31
Michael Dougan
Institutional Report – National Courts and the Enforcement of EU Law 61
Michal Bobek

National Reports
Austria 93
Marcus Klamert
Bulgaria 105
Maria Slavova
Croatia 115 Nika Bačić Selanec, Tamara Ćapeta, Iris Goldner Lang and Davor Petrić
Cyprus 133
Anne Pantazi-Lamprou
Czech Republic 151
Václav Stehlík, David Sehnálek and Ondrej Hamuľák
Denmark 169
Ulla Neergaard and Karsten Engsig Sørensen
Finland 185
Pekka Aalto, Samuli Miettinen and Juha Raitio
France 203
Carine Soulay
Germany 221
Jörg Philipp Terhechte
Hungary 251
András Osztovits and András Zs. Varga
Ireland 265
Ciarán Toland, Aoife Beirne and Sarah Fennell
Italy 285
Roberto Baratta
Luxembourg 303
Fatima Chaouche, Francis Delaporte, Jörg Gerkrath and Jean-Claude Wiwinius
The Netherlands 315
Hanneke van Eijken and Maartje Verhoeven
Norway (including Iceland and Liechtenstein) 337
Christian Franklin, Ólafur Ísberg Hannesson, Ómar Berg Rúnarsson, Georges Baur and Enya Steiner
Poland 385
Dawid Miąsik and Agnieszka Sołtys
Portugal 405
Inês Quadros and Pedro Guerra e Andrade
Romania 429
Răzvan Horațiu Radu
Slovakia 435
Lucia Mokrá, Michael Siman and Valéria Miháliková
Slovenia 443
Verica Trstenjak and Petra Weingerl
Spain 459